Palabras clave
liquido periprotésico
implantes mamarios
BIA-ALCL
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: El seroma tardío se define como la acumulación de líquido periprotésico que se presenta a partir de los 12 meses posteriores a la colocación de implantes mamarios y representa un hallazgo clínico de suma importancia. En las últimas dos décadas, el interés por esta entidad ha aumentado, particularmente debido a su posible asociación con el linfoma anaplásico de células grandes.
Objetivo: Desarrollar una guía práctica para el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico del seroma tardío asociado a implantes mamarios, integrando la evidencia científica actual.
Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa sobre seroma tardío asociado a implantes mamarios en PubMed, SciELO y Timbó (2003–2025), incluyendo artículos en español o inglés con revisión por pares y relevancia clínica. Se seleccionaron 36 estudios.
Resultados: En seromas >10 mL, la punción ecoguiada y el análisis microbiológico, citológico e inmunohistoquímico son fundamentales para descartar infección o BIA-ALCL, entre otras etiologías.
Discusión y conclusiones: Se recomienda revisión clínica anual y ecografía cada dos años en pacientes portadoras de implantes mamarios. La punción ecoguiada está indicada ante seromas de volumen significativo. Se recomienda mantener un alto índice de sospecha frente a hallazgos sugestivos.
Citas
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